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321 commentators · 157586 fragmentów

Zobacz, jak Kościół czytał każdy werset przez dwa tysiące lat — Matthew Henry, Jan Kalwin, Augustyn z Hippony, Jan Chryzostom i wielu innych, otwieranych werset po wersetcie z poziomu Czytnika.

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Stary Testament

Nowy Testament

Deuterokanoniczne

Reformatorzy

Martin Luther 6 fragmenty
1483 — 1546
German Augustinian friar whose 95 Theses (1517) ignited the Reformation. His commentary on Galatians became a Protestant landmark.
Wikipedia
John Calvin 7 fragmenty
1509 — 1564
French Reformer of Geneva; his commentaries on most biblical books set the standard for Reformed exegesis.
Wikipedia
Ulrich Zwingli 3 fragmenty
1531
Erasmus of Rotterdam 19 fragmenty
1536
John of the Cross 2 fragmenty
1591

Purytanie

Matthew Henry 5302 fragmenty
1662 — 1714
English Nonconformist minister; his devotional commentary on the whole Bible (1714) remains widely read three centuries later.
Wikipedia
John Gill 29486 fragmenty
1697 — 1771
English Particular Baptist; produced an exhaustive verse-by-verse exposition of the entire Bible (1748).
Wikipedia
John Wesley 4 fragmenty
1703 — 1791
Anglican cleric and founder of Methodism; his "Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible" condenses scholarly exegesis for lay readers.
Wikipedia

Ojcowie Kościoła

Book of Enoch 6 fragmenty
300 BC
Book of Jubilees 2 fragmenty
100 BC
Sibylline Oracles 1 fragment
100 BC
James 3 fragmenty
49
Galatians 11 fragmenty
50
Philo of Alexandria 24 fragmenty
50
1 Corinthians 18 fragmenty
55
2 Corinthians 13 fragmenty
56
Romans 56 fragmenty
56
Mark 23 fragmenty
60
Matthew 41 fragmenty
60
Luke 21 fragmenty
61
Acts 34 fragmenty
62
Ephesians 7 fragmenty
62
Philippians 1 fragment
62
1 Timothy 1 fragment
64
1 Peter 15 fragmenty
65
2 Peter 1 fragment
68
Hebrews 33 fragmenty
69
Jude 1 fragment
70
John 14 fragmenty
90
Revelation 7 fragmenty
96
Clement of Rome 131 fragmenty
99
Book of Biblical Antiquities 1 fragment
100
Didache 55 fragmenty
100
Josephus 13 fragmenty
100
Justin Martyr 172 fragmenty
100 — 165
Early Christian apologist; defended the faith to Roman emperors and articulated Christ as the divine Logos.
Wikipedia
Ignatius of Antioch 246 fragmenty
108
Odes of Solomon 4 fragmenty
125
Irenaeus of Lyons 792 fragmenty
130 — 202
Bishop of Lyon and student of Polycarp (disciple of John). His "Against Heresies" anchored apostolic tradition against Gnosticism.
Wikipedia
Papias of Hierapolis 15 fragmenty
130
Epistle of Barnabas 16 fragmenty
132
Pseudo-Barnabas 2 fragmenty
132
Pseudo-Clement 173 fragmenty
140
Clement of Alexandria 982 fragmenty
150 — 215
Greek theologian who fused biblical faith with classical philosophy in 2nd-century Alexandria.
Wikipedia
Epistle to Diognetus 1 fragment
150
Gospel of the Hebrews 3 fragmenty
150
Protoevangelium of James 2 fragmenty
150
Polycarp of Smyrna 56 fragmenty
155
Tertullian 3452 fragmenty
155 — 220
North African Latin theologian; coined much of Western Christian vocabulary including "Trinity".
Wikipedia
Shepherd of Hermas 115 fragmenty
160
Abercius 1 fragment
167
Hippolytus of Rome 520 fragmenty
170 — 235
Roman presbyter and prolific exegete; wrote against heresies and authored early liturgical texts.
Wikipedia
Muratorian fragment 1 fragment
170
Dionysius of Corinth 3 fragmenty
171
Heracleon 2 fragmenty
175
Hegesippus 8 fragmenty
180
Melito of Sardis 5 fragmenty
180
Tatian the Assyrian 12 fragmenty
180
Valentinus 1 fragment
180
Origen of Alexandria 2738 fragmenty
184 — 253
Greatest scholar of the early Church; produced the Hexapla (six-column OT) and verse-by-verse commentaries on most of Scripture.
Wikipedia
Theophilus of Antioch 16 fragmenty
185
Athenagoras of Athens 9 fragmenty
190
Polycrates Of Ephesus 5 fragmenty
196
Acts of Peter 2 fragmenty
200
Caius Presbyter of Rome 1 fragment
200
Cyprian of Carthage 887 fragmenty
200 — 258
Bishop of Carthage and martyr; wrote on church unity, baptism, and pastoral care.
Wikipedia
Liturgy of Addai and Mari 1 fragment
200
Martyrdom Of Polycarp 5 fragmenty
200
The Liturgy Of The Blessed Apostles 3 fragmenty
200
The Passion of Saints Perpetua and Felicity 4 fragmenty
203
Pope Zephyrinus 3 fragmenty
217
Zephyrinus 2 fragmenty
217
Callistus I of Rome 13 fragmenty
223
Didascalia Apostolorum 6 fragmenty
230
Pope Urban I 9 fragmenty
230
Pope Pontian 1 fragment
235
Pope Anterus 9 fragmenty
236
Julius Africanus 5 fragmenty
240
Commodian 8 fragmenty
250
Fabian of Rome 17 fragmenty
250
Marcus Minucius Felix 3 fragmenty
250
Alexander of Jerusalem 1 fragment
251
Faustinus of Lyon 1 fragment
254
Novatian 62 fragmenty
258
Eusebius of Caesarea 423 fragmenty
263 — 339
Father of Church history; his "Ecclesiastical History" preserved the story of the early Church.
Wikipedia
Dionysius of Alexandria 47 fragmenty
264
Pope Dionysius 2 fragmenty
268
Gregory of Neocaesarea 32 fragmenty
270
Theognostus Of Alexandria 1 fragment
270
Malchion 1 fragment
272
Archelaus of Carrhae 1 fragment
278
Athanasius of Alexandria 360 fragmenty
296 — 373
Bishop of Alexandria; chief defender of Nicene orthodoxy against Arianism.
Wikipedia
Ammonius of Alexandria 70 fragmenty
300
Liturgy of Saint Mark 4 fragmenty
300
Pseudo-Cyprian 3 fragmenty
300
The Passing of Mary 1 fragment
300
Theonas of Alexandria 8 fragmenty
300
Victorinus of Pettau 146 fragmenty
304
Ephrem the Syrian 790 fragmenty
306 — 373
Syriac deacon and hymnographer; called "the Harp of the Spirit" for his poetic theology.
Wikipedia
Phileas of Thmuis 2 fragmenty
306
Pamphilus of Caesarea 2 fragmenty
309
Hilary of Poitiers 762 fragmenty
310 — 367
Gallic bishop; "Athanasius of the West" who defended Trinitarian orthodoxy in Latin.
Wikipedia
Methodius of Olympus 204 fragmenty
311
Peter of Alexandria 27 fragmenty
311
Theodore Stratelates 52 fragmenty
319
Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius 118 fragmenty
325
Alexander of Alexandria 34 fragmenty
328
Gregory of Nazianzus 286 fragmenty
329 — 390
Cappadocian Father; "the Theologian" whose orations shaped Trinitarian dogma.
Wikipedia
Arnobius of Sicca 13 fragmenty
330
Basil of Caesarea 724 fragmenty
330 — 379
Cappadocian Father; pioneered Christian monasticism and articulated the doctrine of the Holy Spirit.
Wikipedia
Gregory of Nyssa 419 fragmenty
335 — 395
Cappadocian Father; mystical theologian who explored the soul's ascent toward God.
Wikipedia
Arius 1 fragment
336
Ambrose of Milan 2137 fragmenty
339 — 397
Bishop of Milan, mentor to Augustine; defended Nicene orthodoxy and shaped Western liturgy.
Wikipedia
Asterius of Cappadocia 13 fragmenty
341
Aphrahat the Persian Sage 67 fragmenty
345
Jerome 6094 fragmenty
347 — 420
Translator of the Latin Vulgate Bible; biblical scholar whose commentaries shaped Western exegesis for a millennium.
Wikipedia
John Chrysostom 7449 fragmenty
347 — 407
Patriarch of Constantinople; "Golden-Mouthed" preacher whose homilies cover most of the New Testament verse by verse.
Wikipedia
Pachomius the Great 36 fragmenty
348
Julius Firmicus Maternus 1 fragment
350
Syncletica of Alexandria 2 fragmenty
350
Augustine of Hippo 7864 fragmenty
354 — 430
Bishop of Hippo; the most influential Father of the Western Church. Author of Confessions, City of God, and vast biblical commentary.
Wikipedia
Ammon of Hadrianopolis 1 fragment
355
Anthony the Great 2 fragmenty
356
Eusebius of Emesa 11 fragmenty
360
Eustathius of Antioch 2 fragmenty
360
Gaudentius of Rimini 4 fragmenty
360
Potamius of Lisbon 4 fragmenty
360
Acacius of Caesarea 3 fragmenty
366
Ambrosiaster 1046 fragmenty
366 — 384
Anonymous 4th-century Latin commentator on the Pauline epistles, long misattributed to Ambrose.
Wikipedia
Theodorus of Tabennese 3 fragmenty
368
Gaius Marius Victorinus 220 fragmenty
370
Lucifer of Cagliari 1 fragment
370
Eusebius of Vercelli 2 fragmenty
371
Cyril of Alexandria 2296 fragmenty
376 — 444
Patriarch of Alexandria; defended the title Theotokos for Mary and articulated Christ's unity at Ephesus (431).
Wikipedia
Titus of Bostra 88 fragmenty
378
Macrina the Younger 4 fragmenty
379
Apostolic Constitutions 344 fragmenty
380
Oresiesis-Heru-sa Ast 3 fragmenty
380
Council of Constantinople of 381 1 fragment
381
Apollinaris of Laodicea 74 fragmenty
382
Pseudo-Ambrose 8 fragmenty
384
Cyril of Jerusalem 318 fragmenty
386
Horsiesios 12 fragmenty
387
Diodorus of Tarsus 133 fragmenty
390
Nemesius of Emesa 6 fragmenty
390
Optatus of Milevis 1 fragment
390
Palladius of Antioch 1 fragment
390
Ticonius 95 fragmenty
390
Macarius of Egypt 6 fragmenty
391
Pacian of Barcelona 42 fragmenty
391
Gregory of Elvira 22 fragmenty
392
Theodoret of Cyrus 1408 fragmenty
393 — 458
Antiochene exegete and Church historian; wrote literal commentaries on most of the Old Testament.
Wikipedia
Ammonas of Egypt 1 fragment
396
Philastrius of Brescia 2 fragmenty
397
Didymus the Blind 321 fragmenty
398
Evagrius Ponticus 115 fragmenty
399
Adamantius 1 fragment
400
Book of Steps 1 fragment
400
Hegemonius 3 fragmenty
400
Pseudo-Hegesippus 1 fragment
400
Pseudo-Ignatius 3 fragmenty
400
Amphilochius of Iconium 2 fragmenty
403
Epiphanius of Salamis 45 fragmenty
403
Chromatius of Aquileia 120 fragmenty
406
Gaudentius of Brescia 15 fragmenty
410
Prudentius 59 fragmenty
410
Council of Carthage of 411 1 fragment
411
Tyrannius Rufinus 56 fragmenty
411
Theophilus of Alexandria 7 fragmenty
412
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens 10 fragmenty
413
Nicetas of Remesiana 24 fragmenty
414
Pelagius 467 fragmenty
418
Council of Carthage of 419 1 fragment
419
Fastidius 2 fragmenty
420
Palladius of Galatia 6 fragmenty
420
Paulus Orosius 7 fragmenty
420
Paulinus of Milan 4 fragmenty
422
Severian of Gabala 143 fragmenty
425
Sulpicius Severus 4 fragmenty
425
Theodore of Mopsuestia 493 fragmenty
428
Marcus Eremita 3 fragmenty
430
Council of Ephesus 3 fragmenty
431
Paulinus of Nola 23 fragmenty
431
John Cassian 272 fragmenty
435
Acacius of Beroea 1 fragment
437
Possidius 1 fragment
437
Socrates Scholasticus 1 fragment
439
John I of Antioch 1 fragment
441
Vincent of Lérins 9 fragmenty
445
Proclus of Constantinople 3 fragmenty
446
Theodotus of Ancyra 4 fragmenty
446
Eucherius of Lyon 4 fragmenty
449
Eznik of Kolb 7 fragmenty
449
Hilary of Arles 167 fragmenty
449
Abba Poemen 5 fragmenty
450
Hesychius of Jerusalem 62 fragmenty
450
Isidore of Pelusium 11 fragmenty
450
John the Solitary 1 fragment
450
Peter Chrysologus 160 fragmenty
450
Quodvultdeus 28 fragmenty
450
Nilus of Sinai 25 fragmenty
451
Julian of Eclanum 68 fragmenty
455
Prosper of Aquitaine 17 fragmenty
455
Arnobius the Younger 73 fragmenty
460
Valerian of Cimiez 19 fragmenty
460
Leo the Great 165 fragmenty
461
Patrick of Ireland 3 fragmenty
461
Maximus of Turin 117 fragmenty
465
Shenoute the Archimandrite 5 fragmenty
465
Basil of Seleucia 5 fragmenty
468
Gennadius of Constantinople 53 fragmenty
471
Besa The Copt 2 fragmenty
474
Vigilius of Thapsus 17 fragmenty
484
Cassiodorus 458 fragmenty
485 — 585
Roman statesman turned monk; wrote a complete commentary on the Psalms and preserved classical learning.
Wikipedia
Diadochos of Photiki 3 fragmenty
486
Faustus of Riez 3 fragmenty
490
Isaiah the Solitary 1 fragment
491
Gennadius of Massilia 2 fragmenty
496
Acts of Peter and Paul 2 fragmenty
500
Ambrosian Hymn Writer 1 fragment
500
Aponius 21 fragmenty
500
Desert Fathers 276 fragmenty
500
Eusebius of Gaul 1 fragment
500
Pseudo-Chrysostom 373 fragmenty
500
Salvian the Presbyter 65 fragmenty
500
Victor Vitensis 2 fragmenty
500
Victor of Cartenna 1 fragment
500
Julianus Pomerius 2 fragmenty
505
Epiphanius Scholasticus 23 fragmenty
510
Jacob of Serugh 4 fragmenty
521
Magnus Felix Ennodius 2 fragmenty
521
Philoxenus of Mabbug 12 fragmenty
523
Procopius of Gaza 40 fragmenty
528
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 12 fragmenty
532
Fulgentius of Ruspe 165 fragmenty
533
Remigius of Rheims 309 fragmenty
533
Pseudo-Macarius 7 fragmenty
534
Eugippius 2 fragmenty
535
Severus of Antioch 38 fragmenty
538
Gregory the Great 3352 fragmenty
540 — 604
Pope Gregory I; his Moralia in Job is a masterwork of allegorical exegesis.
Wikipedia
Caesarius of Arles 451 fragmenty
542
Arator 45 fragmenty
544
Facundus of Hermiane 1 fragment
544
Venerable Barsanuphius and John the Prophet 6 fragmenty
545
Benedict of Nursia 9 fragmenty
548
Oecumenius 1829 fragmenty
550
Verecundus of Junca 9 fragmenty
552
Second Council of Constantinople 2 fragmenty
553
Romanos the Melodist 31 fragmenty
555
Primasius of Hadrumetum 175 fragmenty
560
Dorotheos of Gaza 5 fragmenty
565
Martin of Braga 12 fragmenty
580
Abraham of Nathpar 2 fragmenty
600
Apringius of Beja 109 fragmenty
600
Olympiodorus of Alexandria 94 fragmenty
600
Paschasius of Dumium 5 fragmenty
600
Leander of Seville 18 fragmenty
601
Paterius 41 fragmenty
606
Andreas of Caesarea 424 fragmenty
614
Isidore of Seville 35 fragmenty
636
Sophronius of Jerusalem 5 fragmenty
638
Lateran Council of 649 1 fragment
649
Sahdona the Syrian 20 fragmenty
649
Braulio of Zaragoza 11 fragmenty
651
Maximus the Confessor 23 fragmenty
662
Fructuosus of Braga 7 fragmenty
665
Ildefonsus of Toledo 1 fragment
667
Bede the Venerable 7088 fragmenty
672 — 735
English monk and historian; commented on most of Scripture and wrote the Ecclesiastical History of the English People.
Wikipedia
Julian of Toledo 2 fragmenty
690

Średniowieczne

Isaac of Nineveh 64 fragmenty
700
Adamnan 1 fragment
704
Adamnán of Iona 1 fragment
704
Jacob of Edessa 1 fragment
708
Andrew of Crete 5 fragmenty
740
John Damascene 213 fragmenty
749
Cosmas of Maiuma 2 fragmenty
773
John of Dalyatha 3 fragmenty
780
Rabanus Maurus 445 fragmenty
780 — 856
Frankish Benedictine; "Praeceptor Germaniae" who wrote commentaries on most biblical books.
Wikipedia
John of Karpathos 1 fragment
800
Pseudo-Ephrem 1 fragment
800
Alcuin of York 378 fragmenty
804
Dhuoda of Septimania 3 fragmenty
844
Theophanes of Nicaea 1 fragment
845
Walafrid Strabo 1 fragment
849
Ishodad of Merv 173 fragmenty
850
Haymo of Halberstadt 10 fragmenty
853
Haimo of Auxerre 27 fragmenty
865
Paschasius Radbertus 1 fragment
865
Berengaudus 1 fragment
892
Photios I of Constantinople 42 fragmenty
893
Arethas of Caesarea 1 fragment
900
Agapius of Hierapolis 1 fragment
942
Thietland of Einsiedeln 24 fragmenty
945
Symeon the New Theologian 61 fragmenty
1022
Theophylact of Ohrid 6645 fragmenty
1055 — 1107
Byzantine archbishop; his lucid Gospel commentaries follow Chrysostom and remain standard Orthodox references.
Wikipedia
Papias the Lexicographer 3 fragmenty
1060
Robert of Tombelaine 113 fragmenty
1078
Lanfranc of Canterbury 1 fragment
1089
Glossa Ordinaria 384 fragmenty
1100 — 1300
The standard medieval marginal-and-interlinear Bible commentary, compiled by the school of Anselm of Laon and successors.
Wikipedia
Anselm of Canterbury 1 fragment
1109
Anselm of Laon 2 fragmenty
1117
Petrus Alphonsi 1 fragment
1130
Bernard of Clairvaux 6 fragmenty
1153
Jacob Bar-Salibi 5 fragmenty
1171
Richard of Saint Victor 1 fragment
1173
Nerses of Lambron 10 fragmenty
1198
Hugh of Saint-Cher 6 fragmenty
1200 — 1263
French Dominican cardinal; produced the first complete biblical concordance.
Wikipedia
Thomas Aquinas 7359 fragmenty
1225 — 1274
Dominican friar and Doctor of the Church; his Catena Aurea threads patristic commentary on the four Gospels verse by verse.
Wikipedia
Nicholas of Lyra 40 fragmenty
1270 — 1349
French Franciscan; pioneered the literal sense in his "Postillae Perpetuae" — Luther's favorite commentator.
Wikipedia
Ancient Greek Expositor 89 fragmenty
1274
Pseudo-Augustine 29 fragmenty
1274
Pseudo-Basil 3 fragmenty
1274
Pseudo-Jerome 198 fragmenty
1274
Pseudo-Origen 12 fragmenty
1274
Nicholas of Gorran 3 fragmenty
1295
Peter Olivi 1 fragment
1298
John of Cressy 4 fragmenty
1313
Gregory Palamas 6 fragmenty
1359

Nowoczesne

Adam Clarke 15883 fragmenty
1762 — 1832
Methodist scholar of biblical languages; his commentary (1810) draws heavily on Hebrew, Greek, and Eastern sources.
Wikipedia
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown 19336 fragmenty
1802 — 1910
The trio behind the 1871 "Critical and Explanatory Commentary on the Whole Bible" — used when an excerpt is not attributed to a single author.
Wikipedia
Keil & Delitzsch 6979 fragmenty
1807 — 1890
Joint authorship attribution for the Keil-Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary (used when sources cite the work without distinguishing author).
Wikipedia
JB Lightfoot 4 fragmenty
1889