Alat Kajian

Suara Merentasi Abad-abad

321 commentators · 157586 petikan

Lihat bagaimana Gereja telah membaca setiap ayat merentasi dua milenium — Matthew Henry, John Calvin, Augustine of Hippo, John Chrysostom dan puluhan lagi, dibuka ayat demi ayat dari dalam Pembaca.

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Perjanjian Lama

Perjanjian Baru

Deuterokanonikal

Para Reformator

Martin Luther 6 petikan
1483 — 1546
German Augustinian friar whose 95 Theses (1517) ignited the Reformation. His commentary on Galatians became a Protestant landmark.
Wikipedia
John Calvin 7 petikan
1509 — 1564
French Reformer of Geneva; his commentaries on most biblical books set the standard for Reformed exegesis.
Wikipedia
Ulrich Zwingli 3 petikan
1531
Erasmus of Rotterdam 19 petikan
1536
John of the Cross 2 petikan
1591

Para Puritan

Matthew Henry 5302 petikan
1662 — 1714
English Nonconformist minister; his devotional commentary on the whole Bible (1714) remains widely read three centuries later.
Wikipedia
John Gill 29486 petikan
1697 — 1771
English Particular Baptist; produced an exhaustive verse-by-verse exposition of the entire Bible (1748).
Wikipedia
John Wesley 4 petikan
1703 — 1791
Anglican cleric and founder of Methodism; his "Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible" condenses scholarly exegesis for lay readers.
Wikipedia

Bapa-bapa Gereja

Book of Enoch 6 petikan
300 BC
Book of Jubilees 2 petikan
100 BC
Sibylline Oracles 1 petikan
100 BC
James 3 petikan
49
Galatians 11 petikan
50
Philo of Alexandria 24 petikan
50
1 Corinthians 18 petikan
55
2 Corinthians 13 petikan
56
Romans 56 petikan
56
Mark 23 petikan
60
Matthew 41 petikan
60
Luke 21 petikan
61
Acts 34 petikan
62
Ephesians 7 petikan
62
Philippians 1 petikan
62
1 Timothy 1 petikan
64
1 Peter 15 petikan
65
2 Peter 1 petikan
68
Hebrews 33 petikan
69
Jude 1 petikan
70
John 14 petikan
90
Revelation 7 petikan
96
Clement of Rome 131 petikan
99
Book of Biblical Antiquities 1 petikan
100
Didache 55 petikan
100
Josephus 13 petikan
100
Justin Martyr 172 petikan
100 — 165
Early Christian apologist; defended the faith to Roman emperors and articulated Christ as the divine Logos.
Wikipedia
Ignatius of Antioch 246 petikan
108
Odes of Solomon 4 petikan
125
Irenaeus of Lyons 792 petikan
130 — 202
Bishop of Lyon and student of Polycarp (disciple of John). His "Against Heresies" anchored apostolic tradition against Gnosticism.
Wikipedia
Papias of Hierapolis 15 petikan
130
Epistle of Barnabas 16 petikan
132
Pseudo-Barnabas 2 petikan
132
Pseudo-Clement 173 petikan
140
Clement of Alexandria 982 petikan
150 — 215
Greek theologian who fused biblical faith with classical philosophy in 2nd-century Alexandria.
Wikipedia
Epistle to Diognetus 1 petikan
150
Gospel of the Hebrews 3 petikan
150
Protoevangelium of James 2 petikan
150
Polycarp of Smyrna 56 petikan
155
Tertullian 3452 petikan
155 — 220
North African Latin theologian; coined much of Western Christian vocabulary including "Trinity".
Wikipedia
Shepherd of Hermas 115 petikan
160
Abercius 1 petikan
167
Hippolytus of Rome 520 petikan
170 — 235
Roman presbyter and prolific exegete; wrote against heresies and authored early liturgical texts.
Wikipedia
Muratorian fragment 1 petikan
170
Dionysius of Corinth 3 petikan
171
Heracleon 2 petikan
175
Hegesippus 8 petikan
180
Melito of Sardis 5 petikan
180
Tatian the Assyrian 12 petikan
180
Valentinus 1 petikan
180
Origen of Alexandria 2738 petikan
184 — 253
Greatest scholar of the early Church; produced the Hexapla (six-column OT) and verse-by-verse commentaries on most of Scripture.
Wikipedia
Theophilus of Antioch 16 petikan
185
Athenagoras of Athens 9 petikan
190
Polycrates Of Ephesus 5 petikan
196
Acts of Peter 2 petikan
200
Caius Presbyter of Rome 1 petikan
200
Cyprian of Carthage 887 petikan
200 — 258
Bishop of Carthage and martyr; wrote on church unity, baptism, and pastoral care.
Wikipedia
Liturgy of Addai and Mari 1 petikan
200
Martyrdom Of Polycarp 5 petikan
200
The Liturgy Of The Blessed Apostles 3 petikan
200
The Passion of Saints Perpetua and Felicity 4 petikan
203
Pope Zephyrinus 3 petikan
217
Zephyrinus 2 petikan
217
Callistus I of Rome 13 petikan
223
Didascalia Apostolorum 6 petikan
230
Pope Urban I 9 petikan
230
Pope Pontian 1 petikan
235
Pope Anterus 9 petikan
236
Julius Africanus 5 petikan
240
Commodian 8 petikan
250
Fabian of Rome 17 petikan
250
Marcus Minucius Felix 3 petikan
250
Alexander of Jerusalem 1 petikan
251
Faustinus of Lyon 1 petikan
254
Novatian 62 petikan
258
Eusebius of Caesarea 423 petikan
263 — 339
Father of Church history; his "Ecclesiastical History" preserved the story of the early Church.
Wikipedia
Dionysius of Alexandria 47 petikan
264
Pope Dionysius 2 petikan
268
Gregory of Neocaesarea 32 petikan
270
Theognostus Of Alexandria 1 petikan
270
Malchion 1 petikan
272
Archelaus of Carrhae 1 petikan
278
Athanasius of Alexandria 360 petikan
296 — 373
Bishop of Alexandria; chief defender of Nicene orthodoxy against Arianism.
Wikipedia
Ammonius of Alexandria 70 petikan
300
Liturgy of Saint Mark 4 petikan
300
Pseudo-Cyprian 3 petikan
300
The Passing of Mary 1 petikan
300
Theonas of Alexandria 8 petikan
300
Victorinus of Pettau 146 petikan
304
Ephrem the Syrian 790 petikan
306 — 373
Syriac deacon and hymnographer; called "the Harp of the Spirit" for his poetic theology.
Wikipedia
Phileas of Thmuis 2 petikan
306
Pamphilus of Caesarea 2 petikan
309
Hilary of Poitiers 762 petikan
310 — 367
Gallic bishop; "Athanasius of the West" who defended Trinitarian orthodoxy in Latin.
Wikipedia
Methodius of Olympus 204 petikan
311
Peter of Alexandria 27 petikan
311
Theodore Stratelates 52 petikan
319
Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius 118 petikan
325
Alexander of Alexandria 34 petikan
328
Gregory of Nazianzus 286 petikan
329 — 390
Cappadocian Father; "the Theologian" whose orations shaped Trinitarian dogma.
Wikipedia
Arnobius of Sicca 13 petikan
330
Basil of Caesarea 724 petikan
330 — 379
Cappadocian Father; pioneered Christian monasticism and articulated the doctrine of the Holy Spirit.
Wikipedia
Gregory of Nyssa 419 petikan
335 — 395
Cappadocian Father; mystical theologian who explored the soul's ascent toward God.
Wikipedia
Arius 1 petikan
336
Ambrose of Milan 2137 petikan
339 — 397
Bishop of Milan, mentor to Augustine; defended Nicene orthodoxy and shaped Western liturgy.
Wikipedia
Asterius of Cappadocia 13 petikan
341
Aphrahat the Persian Sage 67 petikan
345
Jerome 6094 petikan
347 — 420
Translator of the Latin Vulgate Bible; biblical scholar whose commentaries shaped Western exegesis for a millennium.
Wikipedia
John Chrysostom 7449 petikan
347 — 407
Patriarch of Constantinople; "Golden-Mouthed" preacher whose homilies cover most of the New Testament verse by verse.
Wikipedia
Pachomius the Great 36 petikan
348
Julius Firmicus Maternus 1 petikan
350
Syncletica of Alexandria 2 petikan
350
Augustine of Hippo 7864 petikan
354 — 430
Bishop of Hippo; the most influential Father of the Western Church. Author of Confessions, City of God, and vast biblical commentary.
Wikipedia
Ammon of Hadrianopolis 1 petikan
355
Anthony the Great 2 petikan
356
Eusebius of Emesa 11 petikan
360
Eustathius of Antioch 2 petikan
360
Gaudentius of Rimini 4 petikan
360
Potamius of Lisbon 4 petikan
360
Acacius of Caesarea 3 petikan
366
Ambrosiaster 1046 petikan
366 — 384
Anonymous 4th-century Latin commentator on the Pauline epistles, long misattributed to Ambrose.
Wikipedia
Theodorus of Tabennese 3 petikan
368
Gaius Marius Victorinus 220 petikan
370
Lucifer of Cagliari 1 petikan
370
Eusebius of Vercelli 2 petikan
371
Cyril of Alexandria 2296 petikan
376 — 444
Patriarch of Alexandria; defended the title Theotokos for Mary and articulated Christ's unity at Ephesus (431).
Wikipedia
Titus of Bostra 88 petikan
378
Macrina the Younger 4 petikan
379
Apostolic Constitutions 344 petikan
380
Oresiesis-Heru-sa Ast 3 petikan
380
Council of Constantinople of 381 1 petikan
381
Apollinaris of Laodicea 74 petikan
382
Pseudo-Ambrose 8 petikan
384
Cyril of Jerusalem 318 petikan
386
Horsiesios 12 petikan
387
Diodorus of Tarsus 133 petikan
390
Nemesius of Emesa 6 petikan
390
Optatus of Milevis 1 petikan
390
Palladius of Antioch 1 petikan
390
Ticonius 95 petikan
390
Macarius of Egypt 6 petikan
391
Pacian of Barcelona 42 petikan
391
Gregory of Elvira 22 petikan
392
Theodoret of Cyrus 1408 petikan
393 — 458
Antiochene exegete and Church historian; wrote literal commentaries on most of the Old Testament.
Wikipedia
Ammonas of Egypt 1 petikan
396
Philastrius of Brescia 2 petikan
397
Didymus the Blind 321 petikan
398
Evagrius Ponticus 115 petikan
399
Adamantius 1 petikan
400
Book of Steps 1 petikan
400
Hegemonius 3 petikan
400
Pseudo-Hegesippus 1 petikan
400
Pseudo-Ignatius 3 petikan
400
Amphilochius of Iconium 2 petikan
403
Epiphanius of Salamis 45 petikan
403
Chromatius of Aquileia 120 petikan
406
Gaudentius of Brescia 15 petikan
410
Prudentius 59 petikan
410
Council of Carthage of 411 1 petikan
411
Tyrannius Rufinus 56 petikan
411
Theophilus of Alexandria 7 petikan
412
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens 10 petikan
413
Nicetas of Remesiana 24 petikan
414
Pelagius 467 petikan
418
Council of Carthage of 419 1 petikan
419
Fastidius 2 petikan
420
Palladius of Galatia 6 petikan
420
Paulus Orosius 7 petikan
420
Paulinus of Milan 4 petikan
422
Severian of Gabala 143 petikan
425
Sulpicius Severus 4 petikan
425
Theodore of Mopsuestia 493 petikan
428
Marcus Eremita 3 petikan
430
Council of Ephesus 3 petikan
431
Paulinus of Nola 23 petikan
431
John Cassian 272 petikan
435
Acacius of Beroea 1 petikan
437
Possidius 1 petikan
437
Socrates Scholasticus 1 petikan
439
John I of Antioch 1 petikan
441
Vincent of Lérins 9 petikan
445
Proclus of Constantinople 3 petikan
446
Theodotus of Ancyra 4 petikan
446
Eucherius of Lyon 4 petikan
449
Eznik of Kolb 7 petikan
449
Hilary of Arles 167 petikan
449
Abba Poemen 5 petikan
450
Hesychius of Jerusalem 62 petikan
450
Isidore of Pelusium 11 petikan
450
John the Solitary 1 petikan
450
Peter Chrysologus 160 petikan
450
Quodvultdeus 28 petikan
450
Nilus of Sinai 25 petikan
451
Julian of Eclanum 68 petikan
455
Prosper of Aquitaine 17 petikan
455
Arnobius the Younger 73 petikan
460
Valerian of Cimiez 19 petikan
460
Leo the Great 165 petikan
461
Patrick of Ireland 3 petikan
461
Maximus of Turin 117 petikan
465
Shenoute the Archimandrite 5 petikan
465
Basil of Seleucia 5 petikan
468
Gennadius of Constantinople 53 petikan
471
Besa The Copt 2 petikan
474
Vigilius of Thapsus 17 petikan
484
Cassiodorus 458 petikan
485 — 585
Roman statesman turned monk; wrote a complete commentary on the Psalms and preserved classical learning.
Wikipedia
Diadochos of Photiki 3 petikan
486
Faustus of Riez 3 petikan
490
Isaiah the Solitary 1 petikan
491
Gennadius of Massilia 2 petikan
496
Acts of Peter and Paul 2 petikan
500
Ambrosian Hymn Writer 1 petikan
500
Aponius 21 petikan
500
Desert Fathers 276 petikan
500
Eusebius of Gaul 1 petikan
500
Pseudo-Chrysostom 373 petikan
500
Salvian the Presbyter 65 petikan
500
Victor Vitensis 2 petikan
500
Victor of Cartenna 1 petikan
500
Julianus Pomerius 2 petikan
505
Epiphanius Scholasticus 23 petikan
510
Jacob of Serugh 4 petikan
521
Magnus Felix Ennodius 2 petikan
521
Philoxenus of Mabbug 12 petikan
523
Procopius of Gaza 40 petikan
528
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 12 petikan
532
Fulgentius of Ruspe 165 petikan
533
Remigius of Rheims 309 petikan
533
Pseudo-Macarius 7 petikan
534
Eugippius 2 petikan
535
Severus of Antioch 38 petikan
538
Gregory the Great 3352 petikan
540 — 604
Pope Gregory I; his Moralia in Job is a masterwork of allegorical exegesis.
Wikipedia
Caesarius of Arles 451 petikan
542
Arator 45 petikan
544
Facundus of Hermiane 1 petikan
544
Venerable Barsanuphius and John the Prophet 6 petikan
545
Benedict of Nursia 9 petikan
548
Oecumenius 1829 petikan
550
Verecundus of Junca 9 petikan
552
Second Council of Constantinople 2 petikan
553
Romanos the Melodist 31 petikan
555
Primasius of Hadrumetum 175 petikan
560
Dorotheos of Gaza 5 petikan
565
Martin of Braga 12 petikan
580
Abraham of Nathpar 2 petikan
600
Apringius of Beja 109 petikan
600
Olympiodorus of Alexandria 94 petikan
600
Paschasius of Dumium 5 petikan
600
Leander of Seville 18 petikan
601
Paterius 41 petikan
606
Andreas of Caesarea 424 petikan
614
Isidore of Seville 35 petikan
636
Sophronius of Jerusalem 5 petikan
638
Lateran Council of 649 1 petikan
649
Sahdona the Syrian 20 petikan
649
Braulio of Zaragoza 11 petikan
651
Maximus the Confessor 23 petikan
662
Fructuosus of Braga 7 petikan
665
Ildefonsus of Toledo 1 petikan
667
Bede the Venerable 7088 petikan
672 — 735
English monk and historian; commented on most of Scripture and wrote the Ecclesiastical History of the English People.
Wikipedia
Julian of Toledo 2 petikan
690

Abad Pertengahan

Isaac of Nineveh 64 petikan
700
Adamnan 1 petikan
704
Adamnán of Iona 1 petikan
704
Jacob of Edessa 1 petikan
708
Andrew of Crete 5 petikan
740
John Damascene 213 petikan
749
Cosmas of Maiuma 2 petikan
773
John of Dalyatha 3 petikan
780
Rabanus Maurus 445 petikan
780 — 856
Frankish Benedictine; "Praeceptor Germaniae" who wrote commentaries on most biblical books.
Wikipedia
John of Karpathos 1 petikan
800
Pseudo-Ephrem 1 petikan
800
Alcuin of York 378 petikan
804
Dhuoda of Septimania 3 petikan
844
Theophanes of Nicaea 1 petikan
845
Walafrid Strabo 1 petikan
849
Ishodad of Merv 173 petikan
850
Haymo of Halberstadt 10 petikan
853
Haimo of Auxerre 27 petikan
865
Paschasius Radbertus 1 petikan
865
Berengaudus 1 petikan
892
Photios I of Constantinople 42 petikan
893
Arethas of Caesarea 1 petikan
900
Agapius of Hierapolis 1 petikan
942
Thietland of Einsiedeln 24 petikan
945
Symeon the New Theologian 61 petikan
1022
Theophylact of Ohrid 6645 petikan
1055 — 1107
Byzantine archbishop; his lucid Gospel commentaries follow Chrysostom and remain standard Orthodox references.
Wikipedia
Papias the Lexicographer 3 petikan
1060
Robert of Tombelaine 113 petikan
1078
Lanfranc of Canterbury 1 petikan
1089
Glossa Ordinaria 384 petikan
1100 — 1300
The standard medieval marginal-and-interlinear Bible commentary, compiled by the school of Anselm of Laon and successors.
Wikipedia
Anselm of Canterbury 1 petikan
1109
Anselm of Laon 2 petikan
1117
Petrus Alphonsi 1 petikan
1130
Bernard of Clairvaux 6 petikan
1153
Jacob Bar-Salibi 5 petikan
1171
Richard of Saint Victor 1 petikan
1173
Nerses of Lambron 10 petikan
1198
Hugh of Saint-Cher 6 petikan
1200 — 1263
French Dominican cardinal; produced the first complete biblical concordance.
Wikipedia
Thomas Aquinas 7359 petikan
1225 — 1274
Dominican friar and Doctor of the Church; his Catena Aurea threads patristic commentary on the four Gospels verse by verse.
Wikipedia
Nicholas of Lyra 40 petikan
1270 — 1349
French Franciscan; pioneered the literal sense in his "Postillae Perpetuae" — Luther's favorite commentator.
Wikipedia
Ancient Greek Expositor 89 petikan
1274
Pseudo-Augustine 29 petikan
1274
Pseudo-Basil 3 petikan
1274
Pseudo-Jerome 198 petikan
1274
Pseudo-Origen 12 petikan
1274
Nicholas of Gorran 3 petikan
1295
Peter Olivi 1 petikan
1298
John of Cressy 4 petikan
1313
Gregory Palamas 6 petikan
1359

Moden

Adam Clarke 15883 petikan
1762 — 1832
Methodist scholar of biblical languages; his commentary (1810) draws heavily on Hebrew, Greek, and Eastern sources.
Wikipedia
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown 19336 petikan
1802 — 1910
The trio behind the 1871 "Critical and Explanatory Commentary on the Whole Bible" — used when an excerpt is not attributed to a single author.
Wikipedia
Keil & Delitzsch 6979 petikan
1807 — 1890
Joint authorship attribution for the Keil-Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary (used when sources cite the work without distinguishing author).
Wikipedia
JB Lightfoot 4 petikan
1889